# Critical appraisal of articles (Journal Club)

A guide to analyse a study in a group or individually: question, design, population, results, limitations and application to practice.

## Identification

- **Full reference (authors, title, journal, year, DOI)**
  - ____________________
- **Publication type**
  - Clinical trial / Cohort / Case-control / Cross-sectional / Case series / Systematic review / Narrative review / Guideline/consensus / Preprint
- **Funding source and declared conflicts**
  - ____________________

## Question and design

- **What is the study question (population, intervention/exposure, comparison, outcome)?**
  - ____________________
- **Does the design answer the question?**
  - Yes / Partially / No
- **Were randomisation, blinding and control described?**
  - [ ] Randomisation described
  - [ ] Blinding described
  - [ ] Adequate control group
  - [ ] Sample size calculation reported

## Population and measures

- **Species, breed, age, clinical condition and setting (clinic, field, laboratory)**
  - ____________________
- **Inclusion and exclusion criteria; losses to follow-up**
  - ____________________
- **Outcomes measured and how**
  - ____________________

## Results

- **Main results with effect size and confidence interval**
  - ____________________
- **Does statistical difference amount to clinical relevance here?**
  - Yes / No / Uncertain

## Limitations and application

- **Limitations acknowledged by the authors and others identified by the group**
  - ____________________
- **Does the studied population resemble mine?**
  - Closely / Partially / Little
- **What changes, or not, in practice, and with what degree of confidence?**
  - ____________________

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Animal Care Education · Leitura crítica / Journal Club · v1.0